A word is smallest segment of speech that can be used alone.
B.Simple and Complex Words
1. Simple words consist of a single free morpheme. Examples: Stand, Cake, Beauty
2. Complex words contain, as their immediate constituents, either two bound forms or a bound and a free morpheme.
Examples of two bound forms as IC’s:
a. Matri | cide
b. Tele | vise
c. Ex | clued
Examples of bound and free forms as IC’s:
a. Dipso | mania
b. Lion | ess
c. Tele | phone
C. Compound Words
Compound words have free forms, usually two, as their immediate constituents. Examples:
1. Green | house
2. Out | side
3. Over | ripe
A small number of compound words have three or four free forms as coordinate IC’s. Compound words resemble grammatical structures in that they imply, though they do not state, a grammatical relationship. Here are a few of the structures implied:
No.
|
Implied Grammatical Structure
|
Examples
|
1
|
Subject
+ verb
|
earthquake
(earth quakes)
|
2
|
Verb
+ object
|
crybaby (baby cries)
|
3
|
Verb
+ adverbial
|
stopover (stops over)
|
4
|
Subject
+ be + adjectival
|
high chair (chair is high)
|
5
|
Subject
+ be + nominal
|
girl
friend (friend is a girl)
|
6
|
Subject
+ be + adverbial
|
ingroup
(group is in)
|
7
|
Prepositional
phrase
|
extrasensory
(beyond the senses)
|
8
|
Adjective
modified by prepositional phrase
|
treetop (top of tree)
|
9
|
Coordination
|
give-and-take
|
Compound words can be distinguished from grammatical structures in three ways.
1. Compound words cannot be divided by the insertion of intervening material between the two parts, but grammatical structures can be so divided.
2. A member of a compound word cannot participate in a grammatical structure.
3. Some compound nouns, you may recall, have the stress pattern. You should also remember that you cannot depend on the printed form of words to reveal this distinction.
Great
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